Chapter 8 blast design figure 82 staggered pattern figure 83 sing figure 81 square or rectangular pattern. Pdf on jul 1, 2019, boris sobko and others published. This method is suitable for excavating hard rocks and can shorten construction time. The results from the initial design, were compared to. The result of rock blasting is often known as a rock cut. Blast hole tools archives matrix drillingmatrix drilling. The drill and blast method is the most widely used technique for rock excavation in tunnelling and underground projects. Blast design has a big impact on process efficiency and site safety. The tunnel between syp to kennedy town station, tunnel tube is formed using drill and blast method. Pdf the available techniques for drill and blast design in underground mining were analyzed. For example, the specific charge at tunneling is 310 times higher than at bench blasting, depending on borehole deviation, tight.
The drill bit is a hollow solid steel material with approximately 20mm thick tungsten rods which hold the drill bits. Drill monitoring systems and the integration with drill and blast software john hutchings, datavis pty. Perimeter blasting is a technique to reduce the overbreakbackbreak on a blast. Our services break the mould with full rock on ground services covering every stage of the project from blast design, survey, markout, drilling, and bulk explosives supply to. Optimising drill and blast operations with the next. In order to blast the insitu rock to the desired fragment size, blast design parameter such as bench height, hole diameter, spacing. The tunnel route will run below the alps with a maximum cover of 1,600 m. Controlled detonation drillandblast tunneling method was used for 4,300. Like trenchless construction and horizontal directional drilling, drill and blast tunneling is a form of subsurface construction. Optimization of blasting parameters in opencast mines.
With the continuous development of mining software, mining companies are improving the control they have of their mine site as new technology provides capability to monitor the various mining operations. Rock blasting and control overbreak fhwa us department of. In the last chapter a few challenging tunnelling projects with good vibration control practises are presented. Ori, the worlds largest manufacturer of commercial explosives and innovative blasting systems, today announced the release of its next generation blastiq digital blast optimisation platform. It was the primary means of tunneling through rock prior to the advent of tunnel boring machines. The algorithm and the program for automatic drill and blast design by optimization of spacing among. Zongxian zhang, in rock fracture and blasting, 2016. Determine pounds of explosivefoot of powder column. Airblast and ground vibration are discussed along with methods for evaluation and control. If you dont have a dedicated dip crew, it helps to schedule smaller, mmu intensive blasts i. Im going to reveal to you the secret method that allows you to get the equivalent exercise of 45 minutes at the gym, in just a few minutes per day. Our commitment to continuous development is meant on the strength we must upon customize a drill bit to suit your appropriate request within a short span of time.
To achieve a good blast design, an understanding on the rock dynamic response. This means that one may have to use the blend in the entire hole. The tunnel between syp and sw station is constructed using tunnel boring machine tbm. Vibration control in urban drill and blast tunneling. In this type of drilling methodology, a piston driven hammer generally pneumatic reciprocating type drives heavy drill bit into the rock with a lot of force. Study of a1 continuous drill and blast tunneling concept rapidex, inc. Conventional drifting or tunneling by drilling and blasting method requires a much higher specific charge than ordinary production blasting such as bench blasting. How to be a drill and blast professional mec mining. The size reduction process starts with mining, and the degree of fracturing and breakage achieved in drill and blast is an important factor in comminution circuit performance.
This document is also available in pdf 163,516 bytes. The construction of the mtr west island line, hong kong. The hardness, toughness and strength of the rock to be drilled determine the requirements for the drilling tools. Matrix has served the mining industry for over 40 years designing and building drilling tools recognized for their quality and performance. In order to optimize performance and minimize costs, a thorough knowledge of drill and blast operations is, therefore, extremely important. Drill monitoring systems and the integration with drill. Compared with bored tunneling by tunnel boring machine, blasting generally results in higher. Course information and overview detailed drill and blast underground engineering concepts and optimisation. Blasting powerpoint presentations browse our collection of blasting powerpoint presentations. Pdf automation of drill and blast design researchgate.
The infosys mining practice offers drill and blast management solutions to boost operational efficiency while safeguarding personnel, machinery and the environment. This new instrument mounts on a drill rig and measures the elemental composition of the entire stream of drill cuttings in real time. Pdf optimisation of drill and blast parameters using. National institute of technology rourkela this is to certify that the thesis entitled optimization of blasting parameters in opencast mines submitted by sri manmit rout roll. If a quarry plans to use 30foot bench heights with 7 feet of subdrill, a drill rig. Depending on the length of the tunnel, the rock conditions and the proximity to critical structures, tunneling by drill and blast hand mining can be accomplished as safely as the tbm method yet can be more economical. This manual is written for use by fhwa and state highway agency personnel in the evaluation and. For instance, an early 20thcentury blasting manual compared the effects of black powder to that of a wedge, and dynamite to that of a hammer. Its suitability for medium to hard ground conditions has been well recorded. Blast hole rotary drilling in perth we are the best quantities a variety of rotary drill parts whatever are created to maximize specific performance for a specific application. We manufacture a range of blast hole drill steel from 3 12. The size of the mast and drill steels carried by the rig are important considerations in drilling efficiency. Ps drill and blast management purpose and scope this standard gives instruction on drilling and blasting management at laing orourke workplaces. All risk analysis, assessments and work method statements are to be conducted and compiled with full consideration of the hierarchy of control with preference to elimination or substitution control.
Correspondingly, the selected mining process is a consideration in development of the comminution circuit design. Some controlled blasting methods used to reduce overbreak and backbreak beyond the. Blast basic local alignment search tool blast program selection guide table of content 1. We wish you a safe and happy holiday season, and look forward to sharing a prosperous 2020 with you. It is practiced most often in mining, quarrying and civil engineering such as dam, tunnel or road construction. Drilling methods the components of a drill rig are 1 the rig itself, which supplies the power to mobilize, drill rock, and. In drill and blast tunnelling, clearance of the muck lies on the critical path, which means that each minute saved here shortens the round cycle and thus the overall construction time. Presplit charges must be fired simultaneously by joining all detonating cord downlines with a. Rotary drilling and blasting in large surface mines crc press book in large surface mining operations, drilling and blasting activities constitute more than 15% of the total costs. Weekly or monthly safety meetings that include the blast crew, drill. How to build a wall and pour in place concrete caps for wall duration. Knowledge of mathematical formulas will provide ease in designing a blast that will be safe as well as effective. Most operators who employ drilling and blasting techniques are well aware of the. A new product has been developed for the online analysis of drill cuttings from quarry blast holes.
In conventional core drilling method a complete analysis cannot be performed due to the lack of core orientation. Blast database content a blast search has four components. Lecture 4 drifting, drilling, blasting and scaling. Pdf drilling and blasting as a tunnel excavation method. To find out more about datablast, please visit our website. The perimeter blasting technique used depends on the rock type. Rab rotary air blast drilling is used frequently for blasthole drilling. This chapter is an introduction to blasting techniques based primarily on the. Find ingersoll rand, atlascopco, kent, and tamrock for sale on machinio. The outcome of this thesis was to translate the standard of each country to english and to compare them with an example cases. Richland creek the richland creek tunnel consisted of a 5,700footlong tunnel 8 feet in diameter between two shafts.
The results showed that the mean fragmentation of the mine using current drill and blast parameters were below the expected mean fragment size of 415 mm. The method can be used in all types of rocks and the initial cost is lower than the mechanical method like tbm. Clearing the toe, and therefore contributing to a smoother floor, is a major asset to. Drill and blast method is mostly used method for the excavation throughout the world. Before the blast hole drilling can begin, the proposed site needs to be inspected, and certain decisions need to be made with regards to the hole sizediameter, the type of drill or drills that will be required, etc. A coal mine may encounter problems if it attempts to use the same diameter drill to blast overburden that is significantly deeper than the parting layer. Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods such as gas pressure blasting pyrotechnics, to break rock for excavation.
Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods such as gas. This tunneling method involves the use of explosives. Rotary drilling and blasting in large surface mines crc. Drilling and blasting operations in power construction. The drill and blast tunnel method is not always considered to be an option. At frontierkemper we are skilled at conventional drillandblast excavation as well as the shotcrete method also known as the sequential excavation method or new austrian tunneling method highway tunnels are often large in crosssection and require conventional drillandblast excavation methods. Mosher, in gold ore processing second edition, 2016. The tunneling industry is abuzz about the upcoming brenner base tunnel project. An effective blasting solution has been identified that enables the safe utilisation of powder factors several times higher than those used conventionally to provide significant improvements in fragmentation. Drill and blast tunneling is a method of excavation involving the controlled use of explosives to break rock.
A common way of designing a blast is using the powder factor method. Drilling and blasting an overview sciencedirect topics. Afum, b o and t emeng, v a 2014, r educing drill and blast cost through blast optimisation a case study, 3 rd umat biennial internat ional mining and mineral conference, pp 7145. We use tailored modelling and ore tracking tools in our blast optimization consulting to help you develop optimal blast designs for your operation. Blast parameter variations were simulated and compared on a 200 m x 50 m standard blast. Terms in this set 19 options for development of drifts and ramps are. Drill and blast method has been widely used as an effective excavation method for underground rock caverns or tunnels. Blasters training modules module 4 blasthole drilling. Important features of the instrument include the following. Mechanical excavation miners, tbm advantages of drill and blast method. Sub drill is the length of hole drilled below floor level.
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